Version: 1.0

Published: March 29, 2023

INACTIVE: Grazing Land and Livestock Management

The American Carbon Registry (ACR) methodology for Grazing Land and Livestock Management (GLLM) is inactive and ineligible for crediting projects on ACR. ACR has determined that the methodology requires updates to measurement, monitoring, reporting and verification requirements to be consistent with the current version of the ACR Standard.

Methodology History

The methodology is applicable to beef and dairy production worldwide. It is designed to ensure the complete, consistent, transparent, accurate and conservative quantification of GHG emission reductions associated with a GLLM project. It focuses on five primary GHG sources, sinks and reservoirs (SSRs) affected by beef and dairy production – enteric methane, manure methane, nitrous oxide from fertilizer use, fossil fuel emissions, and biotic sequestration in above- and below-ground biomass and soils – and provides accounting modules for each of these.

The methodology’s modular structure gives livestock producers the flexibility to select the modules relevant to their baseline management and chosen GHG mitigation activity.  To improve usability and cost effectiveness, the methodology provides a graduated approach to GHG accounting: a tool is provided for an up-front estimate of GHG impacts by SSR, using simple data inputs, and then the complexity and data requirements of the required GHG accounting methods correspond to the scale of impacts expected for that SSR. For micro- and small impacts, simplified accounting methods are provided.

The GLLM Methodology was developed by Winrock International with generous support from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and advice from a livestock Technical Advisory Committee.

GLLM Methodology lead authors:

  • Tim Pearson, Winrock International – Ecosystem Services
  • Nancy Harris, Winrock International – Ecosystem Services
  • Nicholas Martin, Winrock International – American Carbon Registry
  • Lauren Nichols, Winrock International – American Carbon Registry
  • Jonathan Winsten, Winrock International – Environmental Resources Trust
  • Jenn Holthaus, Winrock International – Environmental Resources Trust
  • Gustavo Cruz, UC Davis / Cargill

GLLM Technical Advisory Committee:

  • Shawn Archibeque, Colorado State
  • Richard Conant, Colorado State
  • Stephen De Gryze, Terra Global Capital
  • David Diaz, The Climate Trust
  • Alan Franzluebbers, USDA – Agricultural Research Service
  • Karen Haugen Kozyra, Prasino Group / BIGGS project
  • Ermias Kebreab, UC Davis
  • April Leytem, USDA – Agricultural Research Service
  • Arvin Mosier, USDA – Agricultural Research Service, ret’d
  • Matt Sutton-Vermeulen, Prasino Group / BIGGS Project
  • Juan Tricarico, Dairy Management Institute

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INACTIVE: Grazing Land and Livestock Management

Version 1.0

Structure and current versions


  • FRAMEWORK-GLLM: umbrella module providing the overall structure and functionality of the methodology, eligibility conditions, boundary definition, additionality, monitoring requirements, rules for project aggregation and Programs of Activities, and final calculations.

  • Four large-scale accounting modules – A-ENTERICA-MANUREA-FERTILIZER, and A-BIOTIC – required to be used when impacts on a SSR are large.

  • A-SMALLSCALE: simplified accounting module for projects in the continental U.S., used when impacts on biotic sequestration, fertilizer and fossil fuel emissions are relatively small.

  • A-MICROSCALE: Excel spreadsheet-based tool for activities inside or outside the U.S., using IPCC emission factors and other simplified calculation methods when impacts on an SSR are very small. Includes a T-XANTE tool that provides an ex ante estimate of impacts on each SSR, indicating whether the micro-, small-, or large-scale accounting module must be used.

  • User documentation for the A-MICROSCALE tool

  • L-GLLM: calculates emissions due to activity-shifting and market effects leakage, where applicable.